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Voisin Canard
The Voisin Canard was an aircraft developed by Voisin brothers during 1910 and first flown early in 1911. It was named the ''Canard'' because of its duck-like shape.〔(Les Nouveaux Appareils "Voisin" ) l'Aérophile, 1 March 1911, p.10l〕 It was originally flown as a landplane: with the addition of floats it became one of the first seaplanes used by the French Navy.
==Design and development==
The Canard was, even by the standards of 1910, a curiously regressive design,〔Gibbs-Smith, C. H. ''Aviation''. London NMSI: 2003, p.193〕 its layout reminiscent of Alberto Santos-Dumont's 14-bis of 1906.
As first flown at Issy-les-Moulineaux by Maurice Colliex, the aircraft had an uncovered fuselage of wire-braced wood construction with the Rossel-Peugeot〔(A New Voisin Machine ), ''Flight'' 14 January 1911〕 rotary engine at the rear and the front-mounted control surfaces consisting of an all-moving elevator divided into two halves, one either side of the fuselage, a rectangular balanced rudder mounted above the elevator, and a pair of short-span fixed horizontal surfaces with a high angle of attack mounted behind and below the elevators. Voisin's characteristic side-curtains were fitted to the outermost pair of interplane struts and roll control was achieved using trailing-edge ailerons on both upper and lower wings.〔(The New Voisin ), ''Flight, '' 25 Feb 1911 p.167〕
The aircraft was judged a success and Voisin manufactured a number of examples. There are variations between the individual production aircraft: the two examples flown in the French military aircraft trials in 1911 had a wingspan of .;〔(Appareils Voisin ) ''l'Aérophile'',15 October 1911, p.490〕 one was powered by a Renault and the second by a Gnome. The number of sets of side curtains varied, some aircraft having two or even three sets.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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